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Please refer to kvmfornfv test page for details.
A right configuration is critical for improving the NFV performance/latency. Even on the same codebase, different configrations can make completely different performance/latency result.
There are many combinations of configurations, from hardware configuration to Operating System configuration and application level configuration. And there is no one simple configuration that works for every case. To tune a specific scenario, it's important to know the behaviors of different configurations and their impact.
Some hardware features can be configured through firmware interface(e.g. BIOS) but others may not be configurable (e.g. SMI on most platforms).